A Pilot Study of Factors Associated With Falls in Individuals With Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury

J Spinal Cord Med, 2007 · DOI: · Published: January 3, 2007

Simple Explanation

This study investigates factors contributing to falls in people with incomplete spinal cord injuries (SCI). It uses survey data to identify potential risk factors. The research found several factors associated with a higher risk of falls, including having multiple medical conditions, arthritis, dizziness, and poorer perceived physical health. Conversely, the study also identified factors that seemed to reduce the risk of falls, such as exercising more frequently and using a walker.

Study Duration

Not specified

Participants

119 ambulatory individuals with incomplete SCI

Evidence Level

Cross-sectional mail survey

Key Findings

1
Having fallen in the past year was significantly associated with greater numbers of medical conditions, having arthritis, experiencing dizziness, greater numbers of days with poor physical health, and restriction of community activities because of fear of falling.
2
The odds of having fallen were significantly lower among those with better current perceived physical health, those with better perceived health compared to a year ago, individuals who exercised more frequently, and those who used a walker.
3
Respondents who exercised more than 8 times per month were much less likely to have had a fall compared with those who exercised less than once per month.

Research Summary

This study aimed to determine factors associated with falls among ambulatory individuals with incomplete SCI using a cross-sectional mail survey. The results indicated that factors such as greater numbers of medical conditions, arthritis, dizziness, poor physical health, and fear of falling were associated with increased fall risk. Conversely, better perceived health, exercise, and walker use were associated with decreased fall risk, suggesting potential intervention strategies.

Practical Implications

Exercise Programs

Encourage regular exercise, particularly resistance training, to improve strength and balance, reducing fall risk.

Assistive Devices

Promote the appropriate use of assistive devices, such as walkers, to enhance stability and reduce falls.

Address Comorbidities

Manage medical conditions like arthritis and dizziness to alleviate symptoms that contribute to falls.

Study Limitations

1
Self-reported data may be subject to recall bias.
2
A relatively large percentage of nonresponders could affect the factors associated with falls.
3
Cross-sectional design limits the ability to establish causation.

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