A review of combined neuromodulation and physical therapy interventions for enhanced neurorehabilitation

Neuroplasticity is the brain’s ability to reorganize and modify itself in response to changes. It's crucial for learning new skills and recovering from neurological conditions. Exercise and neuromodulation techniques like TMS, VNS, and PNS can promote neuroplasticity and enhance rehabilitation outcomes for conditions like Parkinson's Disease, stroke, TBI, and SCI. Combining exercise with neuromodulation may accelerate recovery by strategically manipulating the nervous system to enhance neuroplasticity, offering personalized interventions tailored to specific neurological diagnoses.

• 1
  Exercise enhances neuroplasticity by increasing BDNF, IGF-1, and VEGF production, creating a neural environment primed for change in neurological disorders and injuries.
• 2
  Non-invasive neuromodulation techniques like TMS, PNS, and VNS can modulate neuroplastic changes in the brain, offering potential therapeutic interventions for various neurological conditions.
• 3
  Combining exercise with neuromodulation can synergistically enhance neuroplastic effects and improve rehabilitation outcomes, requiring personalized approaches tailored to specific neurological diagnoses and individual needs.