Acute effects of glossopharyngeal insufflation in people with cervical spinal cord injury

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2018 · DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2016.1275446 · Published: January 1, 2018

Simple Explanation

This study investigated the acute effects of glossopharyngeal insufflation (GI) on lung function, airway pressure, blood pressure, and heart rate in individuals with cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI). GI is a breathing technique used to improve lung volume and cough function. The study compared these effects with a reference group of healthy breath-hold divers who regularly use GI. Measurements were taken in both sitting and supine positions to understand positional influences. The researchers aimed to determine if GI poses significant cardiovascular risks for people with CSCI, considering their potential autonomic dysfunction, and to provide insights for safer and more effective GI practices.

Study Duration

Not specified

Participants

10 participants with CSCI and 10 healthy participants

Evidence Level

Case-control design

Key Findings

1
GI increased total lung capacity (TLC), vital capacity (VC), airway pressure (Paw), and heart rate (HR) in the CSCI group in a sitting position, while mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) decreased.
2
The reference group had a significantly higher increase in TLC, VC, Paw, and HR, and a greater decrease in MAP, compared to the CSCI group.
3
There was no significant difference in TLC, MAP, HR, and Paw in the CSCI group when performing GI in a sitting versus supine position, but residual volume (RV) decreased in the supine position.

Research Summary

The study evaluated the acute effects of glossopharyngeal insufflation (GI) on lung function and cardiovascular parameters in individuals with cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) compared to healthy controls. Results indicated that GI increased lung volumes and airway pressure but decreased blood pressure in both groups, with some differences in the magnitude of these changes between the groups. The researchers concluded that GI, when performed correctly, carries low risks of clinically significant hemodynamic changes for individuals with CSCI, although syncope may still occur.

Practical Implications

Improved GI Instructions

The study results can be used to refine instructions for GI, ensuring it is both safe and effective for individuals with CSCI.

Clinical Setting Training

Due to the risk of syncope, GI should be taught in a clinical setting by a trained instructor to minimize potential harm.

Positional Considerations

The study suggests awareness of positional effects is important, especially concerning blood pressure regulation during GI.

Study Limitations

1
The technique of GI can vary among the participants and thereby affect the lung volumes.
2
Small sample size
3
Not specified

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