Biomaterial-based interventions for neuronal regeneration and functional recovery in rodent model of spinal cord injury: A systematic review

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2013 · DOI: 10.1179/2045772313Y.0000000095 · Published: May 1, 2013

Spinal Cord Injury Biomedical Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cells

Simple Explanation

The review examines how biomaterials are used to help nerves regenerate after spinal cord injury in rodents. It looks at studies where biomaterials act as bridges to support cell transplants or release growth factors that aid nerve recovery. The review analyses which strategies show the most promise for future research and potential use in treating human spinal cord injuries.

Study Duration

4 to 40 weeks

Participants

18 to 89 rats with spinal cord injuries

Evidence Level

Systematic Review

Key Findings

1
Biomaterial-based interventions resulted in modest functional improvement in rodent models of SCI.
2
Factors like the type of polymer used and a follow-up period greater than 6 weeks were associated with better outcomes.
3
The average Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scores improved more in transection models than in hemisection models.

Research Summary

This systematic review analyzes studies using biomaterials to promote neuronal regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rodents. The review focuses on multimodal interventions combining biodegradable polymers, supporting cells, and neurotrophic factors. The analysis identifies factors associated with improved functional outcomes, such as the type of polymer and follow-up duration, while highlighting areas for future research.

Practical Implications

Optimizing Biomaterial Design

Future biomaterial designs should consider human application, especially for contusion injuries, which are more common in humans.

Standardizing Research Methods

A standardized and quantitative approach to SCI research is critical, including longer follow-up periods and quantitative assessments of inflammation and axonal regeneration.

Enhancing Neurotrophic Factor Delivery

Further research is needed to optimize the delivery of neurotrophic factors, potentially through binding domains, to improve functional outcomes.

Study Limitations

1
The review includes studies with varying methodologies and SCI models.
2
Functional outcomes are based on improved BBB scores, which do not imply supraspinal input-mediated recovery.
3
The limited number of studies meeting inclusion criteria restricts the statistical power of the meta-analysis.

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