Dynamic Three-Dimensional Ultrasound to Evaluate Scapular Movement Among Manual Wheelchair Users and Healthy Controls

This study investigates a new way to use 3D ultrasound to watch how the shoulder blade moves during arm motion. Researchers compared shoulder blade movements between manual wheelchair users and people without disabilities. They also looked at how extra weight affects these movements and how shoulder issues, age, injury time, and body size relate to shoulder blade position.

• 1
  The study found that as the arm goes up, the shoulder blade moves in specific ways, like turning outward, rotating upward, and tilting backward.
• 2
  Manual wheelchair users showed more outward turning and forward tilting of the shoulder blade than the control group.
• 3
  Increased age, clinical pathology, years since injury and BMI were correlated with scapular rotations associated with impingement.