Editorial: Brain-computer interfaces in neurological disorders: expanding horizons for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are a promising medical technology for neurological rehabilitation, facilitating direct communication between the brain and external devices. BCIs are broadening the scope of neurorehabilitation, particularly for conditions like spinal cord injury, stroke, and unilateral spatial neglect. Integrating VR with BCIs can provide cognitive engagement to support attentional recovery, expanding BCI applications beyond motor rehabilitation to include cognitive therapy.

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  Combining epidural electrical stimulation (EES) with near-infrared nerve stimulation (nINS) can enhance motor function specificity in spinal cord injury (SCI) rats by selectively activating target muscles.
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  Virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation enhances functional connectivity within motor-related brain regions in stroke patients, promoting neuroplasticity and facilitating motor recovery.
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  EEG-based metrics can distinguish different neuropathic symptoms in SCI patients, informing personalized intervention strategies for chronic pain management.