Effects of a Gait Training Program on Spinal Cord Injury Patients: A Single-Group Prospective Cohort Study

J. Clin. Med., 2023 · DOI: 10.3390/jcm12237208 · Published: November 21, 2023

Simple Explanation

Spinal cord injury (SCI) can impair motor, sensory, and autonomic functions, often affecting the ability to walk. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a gait training program for patients with SCI to improve their walking ability. The study involved 30 SCI patients who underwent an 8-week physical rehabilitation program. The program was designed to improve muscle tone, joint mobility, muscle strength, sitting balance, and standing ability. The gait training program showed statistically significant improvements in the patients' ability to walk, regardless of the level of injury, sex, or functional class. The program included passive and active joint mobilization, strength, gait and balance training, and re-education of daily activities.

Study Duration

May 2020 to July 2021

Participants

30 patients with spinal cord injuries

Evidence Level

Single-Group Prospective Cohort Study

Key Findings

1
The gait training program produced significant changes in thoracic spinal cord injured patients regardless of the level of injury, sex, or functional class of the patient.
2
Significant improvements were observed in WISCI scores and indoor/outdoor mobility, with the largest effect sizes noted for these variables.
3
In the final evaluation, all patients managed to walk at least in a walker, with 28 of the 30 patients changing functional groups, indicating substantial functional improvements.

Research Summary

This study evaluated the effect of a gait training program on patients with spinal cord injuries. The program aimed to improve physical health and gait independence through various exercises and activities. The results showed significant improvements in the patients' walking ability, as measured by the WISCI and SCIM III scales. These improvements were observed regardless of the level of injury, sex, or functional class. The study suggests that the gait training program can be a relevant approach for rehabilitation centers, provided they have the necessary resources and trained professionals.

Practical Implications

Improved Rehabilitation Outcomes

The gait training program can be implemented in rehabilitation centers to improve walking ability and functional independence in patients with spinal cord injuries.

Personalized Training Approaches

Rehabilitation programs should be tailored to the individual needs and abilities of each patient, considering their specific limitations and goals.

Emphasis on Conventional Methods

Traditional gait training methods, when combined with new technologies, can contribute to significant improvements in gait parameters for SCI patients.

Study Limitations

1
The sample used was not conditioned to a certain level of neurological impairment.
2
Certain components that interfere with walking, such as spasticity, were not analyzed.
3
Gait speed and distance between steps were not controlled in the present study

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