Epidemiology of War-Related Spinal Cord Injury Among Combatants: A Systematic Review

Global Spine Journal, 2019 · DOI: 10.1177/2192568218776914 · Published: July 1, 2019

Simple Explanation

This study reviews existing research on spinal cord injuries (SCIs) sustained by soldiers in war zones, noting these injuries often differ from those in civilians. The review found that war-related SCIs are more common among young, white men and are frequently caused by gunshots or explosions. These injuries also tend to be more severe and are often accompanied by other injuries, such as head trauma or limb damage.

Study Duration

1946 to December 20, 2017

Participants

Military combatants with war-related SCI

Evidence Level

Level III systematic review of case series and retrospective cohort studies

Key Findings

1
War-related SCIs are more prevalent among young, white men, frequently resulting from gunshot wounds or explosions.
2
Thoracic spinal cord injuries are the most common type of war-related SCI.
3
Marines appear to face a higher risk of war-related SCIs compared to other branches of the US military.

Research Summary

This systematic review examined the epidemiology of war-related spinal cord injuries (SCIs) among military personnel, highlighting differences from civilian SCIs. The review found that war-related SCIs are typically more severe and complex, often resulting from gunshot wounds or explosions, and are commonly associated with other bodily injuries. The study concludes that the management principles for traumatic SCIs in civilians may not be entirely suitable for treating war-related SCIs in combatants.

Practical Implications

Preventive Measures

Improve protective gear and strategies to minimize spinal injuries in combat zones.

Prehospital Care

Enhance early recognition and appropriate mobilization techniques for wounded soldiers with potential SCIs.

Treatment Protocols

Adapt treatment approaches to address the unique characteristics of war-related SCIs, considering factors like injury mechanisms and associated trauma.

Study Limitations

1
The data is primarily from case series and retrospective cohort studies, which may introduce bias.
2
Most data originates from the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, potentially limiting generalizability to other conflicts.
3
The reliance on US military databases may not accurately represent other military populations or war settings.

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