Exploring the Extent and Nature of Disordered Eating Among Canadian Adolescents and Young Adults With Spina Bifida and Hydrocephalus

Child: Care, Health and Development, 2025 · DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.70046 · Published: January 22, 2025

Simple Explanation

This study investigates disordered eating and body image perceptions in adolescents and young adults (AYA) with spina bifida and/or hydrocephalus (SBH) in Canada. The research involved an online survey assessing eating behaviors, disordered eating, and body esteem among AYA with SBH. The findings suggest that AYA with SBH are at a higher risk for disordered eating and poor body image due to factors related to their condition.

Study Duration

November 2021 and March 2022

Participants

18 AYA with spina bifida and/or hydrocephalus aged 14-26 years

Evidence Level

Cross-sectional online survey

Key Findings

1
AYA with SBH may face an elevated risk for eating disorders/disordered eating compared to typically developing peers due to bowel/bladder management, mobility issues, and eating aversions.
2
Some AYA with SBH may have poor body image, and this may not be adequately addressed in SBH clinics.
3
Participants reported altering food intake to improve bowel function, mobility, and skin integrity, indicating functional reasons beyond body dissatisfaction.

Research Summary

This study support previous suggestions that AYA with disabilities—and SBH specifically—likely face an elevated risk for eating disorders/disordered eating and poor body image, due to a complex combination of factors not seen in typically developing youth. This research underscores the urgency for further research that focuses on assessing eating disorders/disordered eating behaviours in AYA with SBH. A greater understanding of how service providers and/or programmes can best address the unique concerns of this population is also needed, particularly because treatment is time sensitive.

Practical Implications

Tailored Interventions

Develop tailored interventions addressing SBH-specific factors contributing to disordered eating and low body esteem.

Improved Communication

Train healthcare providers to communicate effectively with AYA with SBH using non-stigmatizing language that doesn't prioritize weight loss.

Advocacy for Programs

Advocate for tailored eating disorder programs for individuals with disabilities, as they are currently lacking.

Study Limitations

1
Small sample size due to recruitment challenges during COVID-19.
2
Predominantly female sample, limiting the ability to investigate gender differences.
3
The SBH questionnaire was not validated, so it has unknown psychometric properties.

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