Facilitators and barriers to employment for persons with chronic spinal cord injury or disorder: A qualitative study framed by the person-environment-occupation model

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2023 · DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2021.1922231 · Published: March 1, 2023

Spinal Cord Injury Occupational Health Rehabilitation

Simple Explanation

This study explores the challenges and supports needed for people with spinal cord injuries or disorders (SCI/D) to find and maintain employment. The researchers interviewed individuals with SCI/D and rehabilitation professionals to understand their experiences and identify gaps in current services. The study uses the Person-Environment-Occupation (PEO) model to understand how personal factors, environmental conditions, and job characteristics influence successful return to work.

Study Duration

June to September 2020

Participants

8 persons with SCI/D and 4 rehabilitation professionals

Evidence Level

Not specified

Key Findings

1
Personal motivation and job readiness are crucial for individuals with SCI/D seeking employment.
2
Positive employer attitudes and workplace flexibility are environmental facilitators, while discrimination remains a significant barrier.
3
Difficulties in SCI/D self-management and a need for timely functional assessments pose occupational barriers to employment.

Research Summary

This study examined the factors influencing employment for individuals with SCI/D, utilizing the PEO model to understand the interplay between personal, environmental, and occupational elements. Key findings highlight the importance of individual motivation, employer attitudes, and addressing self-management challenges to improve employment outcomes. The study suggests vocational rehabilitation should focus on motivational support and address discrimination to enhance job readiness and access to suitable employment.

Practical Implications

Enhanced Vocational Rehabilitation

Vocational rehabilitation programs should incorporate motivational support and address individual job readiness to improve employment outcomes for people with SCI/D.

Employer Education and Policy

Employment policies should actively address discrimination and educate employers about the capabilities and needs of individuals with SCI/D.

Individualized Support Services

Support services should be tailored to meet the unique needs of each individual with SCI/D, considering their personal goals, interests, and self-management abilities.

Study Limitations

1
The study did not include the employers’ perspective.
2
The sampling approach may not have included all potentially eligible participants.
3
The study would have benefited from including the employers’ perspective in order to identify additional needs and resources required for viable return-to-work planning.

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