Follow-Up Study of Subdermal Low-Echoic Lesions in the Ischial Region in Wheelchair Users With Spinal Cord Injuries

Frontiers in Medicine, 2022 · DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.848338 · Published: March 9, 2022

Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation Dermatology

Simple Explanation

This study investigates subdermal low-echoic lesions in the ischial region of wheelchair users with spinal cord injuries using ultrasonography. The research aims to determine if early detection of skin abnormalities and intervention can prevent pressure injuries. The study found that low-echoic lesions improved within 1 year by reducing pressure duration and interface pressure.

Study Duration

1 year

Participants

7 patients with chronic spinal cord injuries and subdermal low-echoic lesions

Evidence Level

Retrospective cohort study

Key Findings

1
Nine out of ten areas with subdermal low-echoic lesions improved after 1 year of follow-up.
2
Pressure duration was reduced in all patients after education and instruction on pressure relief.
3
Interface pressure could be reduced in 5 out of 7 patients through interventions like cushion adjustments.

Research Summary

The study followed patients with spinal cord injuries and subdermal low-echoic lesions in the ischial region using ultrasonography to assess changes after 1 year. Results showed that most low-echoic lesions improved by reducing pressure duration and interface pressure through education, pressure relief instructions, and seating adjustments. The study concludes that early detection of skin abnormalities and education on self-management behaviors are important for pressure injury prevention in patients with spinal cord injuries.

Practical Implications

Early Detection

Regular ultrasonography examinations can help in the early detection of subcutaneous tissue damage.

Patient Education

Educating patients on pressure relief techniques and proper seating is crucial for preventing pressure injuries.

Customized Interventions

Tailoring interventions like cushion adjustments and pressure relief methods based on individual needs can improve outcomes.

Study Limitations

1
Small sample size
2
Low sensitivity of 10 MHz probes for dermal and hypodermal alterations
3
Subjective assessment of pressure duration based on self-report questionnaires

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