Henry Head (1861–1940) and his importance for neurology

Der Nervenarzt, 2024 · DOI: 10.1007/s00115-023-01556-7 · Published: October 12, 2023

Simple Explanation

Henry Head is primarily known for the Head zones, but the current understanding differs from Head's original concept. The widely reproduced illustrations of Head zones were not created by him. Head's self-experiment on peripheral nerve regeneration significantly contributed to understanding the pathophysiology of nerve damage. His work on herpes zoster radiculitis led to the concept of dermatomes. Head's later work on aphasia and neuropsychology is considered outdated due to its holistic approach and resistance to localization theories. Modern advancements have surpassed his contributions in these areas.

Study Duration

Not specified

Participants

392 clinical cases (Herpes-zoster-Manifestationen) and own self-experiment

Evidence Level

Review and Case Series

Key Findings

1
The drawings considered depictions of the Head zones in today’s medical textbooks were actually not created by Head.
2
Head's self-experiment helped generations of neurologists to have a better understanding of the pathophysiology of peripheral nerve damage.
3
Head’s criticism of the strict localization was well in syncronization with the zeitgeist of the early twentieth century.

Research Summary

Henry Head's name is primarily associated with Head zones, even though he likely did not create the initial depictions. His groundbreaking work lies in the regeneration of peripheral nerve lesions and the characterization of dermatomes. His later work in neuropsychology reflects opposing positions on higher brain functions and is now largely obsolete.

Practical Implications

Clinical Practice

Understanding the true origins of Head zones and their limitations can improve diagnostic accuracy.

Historical Context

Recognizing Head's contributions to peripheral nerve regeneration and dermatome mapping provides valuable historical context for modern neurology.

Neuropsychological Research

Acknowledging the evolution of neuropsychological theories and the limitations of early holistic approaches informs current research methodologies.

Study Limitations

1
The original Head-zone depictions are not from Head himself.
2
Head’s neuropsychological theories are largely outdated.
3
The study relies on historical analysis and may be subject to interpretation biases.

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