Identification of Immune Cells and Key Genes associated with Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by cognitive decline and memory loss, with inflammation recognized as a significant contributor. This research identifies immune cell types and key genes associated with AD using bioinformatics analysis of prefrontal cortex transcriptomic data. The study used data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and methods like CIBERSORT and WGCNA to analyze immune cell composition and gene co-expression networks. LASSO and random forest models helped identify key genes related to AD and M1 macrophages. The findings indicate that immune infiltration in the prefrontal cortex of AD patients differs from healthy individuals, with M1 macrophages being the most relevant cell type. Ten key genes associated with AD and M1 macrophages were identified and validated.

• 1
  Immune infiltration in the prefrontal cortex of AD patients differs from healthy samples, highlighting alterations in the brain's immune environment during AD.
• 2
  M1 macrophages are identified as the most relevant immune cell type associated with AD, suggesting a critical role in the disease's pathology.
• 3
  Ten key genes (ARMCX5, EDN3, GPR174, MRPL23, RAET1E, ROD1, TRAF1, WNT7B, OR4K2, and ZNF543) are identified as associated with AD and M1 macrophages, offering potential therapeutic targets.