Ion elemental-optimized layered double hydroxide nanoparticles promote chondrogenic differentiation and intervertebral disc regeneration of mesenchymal stem cells through focal adhesion signaling pathway

Bioactive Materials, 2023 · DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.08.023 · Published: January 1, 2023

Biomedical Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cells

Simple Explanation

This study focuses on treating intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), a condition causing chronic low back pain, using tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches. The researchers created layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoparticles with optimized ion compositions to enhance cartilage formation from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs). The use of ion-specific LDH nanomaterials to regenerate intervertebral discs by focusing on the focal adhesion signaling pathway provides a potential base for clinical treatments of IDD.

Study Duration

4–12 weeks

Participants

8-week-old male Sprague–Dawley rats

Evidence Level

Not specified

Key Findings

1
LDH nanoparticles with specific ion compositions (MgFe–NO3) effectively promoted chondrogenic differentiation of hUC-MSCs.
2
Transplantation of LDH-pretreated hUC-MSCs into a rat IDD model resulted in recovery of disc space height and integrated tissue structure.
3
Transcriptome sequencing revealed that the focal adhesion signaling pathway plays a significant regulatory role in enhancing chondrogenic differentiation.

Research Summary

This study synthesized layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoparticles and optimized their ion elemental compositions to promote chondrogenic differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs). LDH-pretreated hUC-MSCs were transplanted into a degenerative rat model, resulting in recovery of disc space height and integrated tissue structure. Transcriptome sequencing revealed significant regulatory roles of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and integrin receptors of focal adhesion signaling pathway in enhancing chondrogenic differentiation and thus prompting tissue regeneration.

Practical Implications

Clinical Translation

The construction of ion-specific LDH nanomaterials for in situ intervertebral disc regeneration through the focal adhesion signaling pathway provides a theoretical basis for clinical transformation in IDD treatment.

Stem Cell Therapy

Effective functional optimization can improve the application outcomes of MSCs-mediated transplantation.

Biomaterial Design

Regulation of the fate of MSCs by bioactive materials could enable new theoretical strategies.

Study Limitations

1
The interaction mechanism of IDD is complicated and caused by many factors.
2
Further knowledge of the effect of optimized LDH on cell fate regulation of MSCs and IVD regeneration outcomes is needed.
3
Not specified

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