Leukotriene signaling as molecular correlate for cognitive heterogeneity in aging: an exploratory study

Aging often leads to a decline in cognitive functions, but the extent varies greatly among individuals. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms behind these cognitive differences in aging rats, focusing on neuroinflammation and the role of leukotrienes. The researchers analyzed the expression of key components of the leukotriene synthesis pathway (5-Lox and FLAP) in the brains of young and aged rats, including those with cognitive impairment. They found increased expression of these components in aged rats, particularly in those with cognitive decline. The study suggests that 5-Lox expressing microglia contribute to age-related cognitive decline, while low levels of the LT system might indicate and foster higher cognitive functions and cognitive reserve in aging.

• 1
  Expression of 5-Lox was increased within the brain of aged rats, with the highest levels detected in cognitively impaired animals, suggesting a link between the LT system and cognitive decline.
• 2
  The number of microglia cells was higher in the aged compared to the young brains, with the highest numbers of 5-Lox expressing microglia in the aged cognitively impaired rats, indicating a role for microglia and neuroinflammation.
• 3
  Lower cognitive scores in the aged rats associated with higher numbers of 5-Lox positive microglia in the animals, supporting the hypothesis that 5-Lox expressing microglia contribute to age-related cognitive decline.