Long-term changes in bone mineral density and associated risk factors in individuals with spinal cord injury: A retrospective study

Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) experience a notable decrease in bone mass below the level of injury. This study aimed to provide comprehensive insights into bone loss patterns over time. The study analyzed DXA results by categorizing them into 1-year intervals based on postinjury duration to assess temporal changes in bone mass and identify risk factors for bone loss. Significant annual bone loss in the hip region persists for up to 3 years postinjury in individuals with SCI. Applying the SCIM score in the chronic phase may provide additional information on bone loss risk.

• 1
  Substantial annual bone loss occurred in the total hip site up to 3 years postinjury and in the femoral neck site up to 2 years postinjury.
• 2
  Old age, women, and low body mass index were significant risk factors for bone loss in the SCI population.
• 3
  During the chronic phase, lower Korean Spinal Cord Independence Measure 3rd edition scores were associated with low bone mass.