Needs of an uninsured equity-deserving minority patient cohort with physical disabilities during the ﬁrst wave of the COVID-19 pandemic

Front. Rehabil. Sci., 2023 · DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2023.1000838 · Published: February 17, 2023

Simple Explanation

This study looks at the needs of uninsured patients with disabilities from minority backgrounds during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. These individuals often face greater challenges in accessing healthcare and support. The researchers conducted phone-based needs assessments to understand the issues these patients were facing. They focused on medical needs, equipment, mental health, and other social determinants of health like rent and employment. The findings highlight the significant challenges faced by this vulnerable population during a crisis. The study underscores the need for healthcare systems to be prepared to address these specific needs in future health crises.

Study Duration

April to October, 2020

Participants

51 uninsured, diverse patients with spinal cord injuries, brain injuries, amputations, strokes, and other diagnoses

Evidence Level

Retrospective cohort study

Key Findings

1
Medical issues were the most frequently reported need (46%), indicating difficulties in accessing healthcare for conditions like uncontrolled pain, pressure injuries, and infections.
2
Equipment needs were also significant (30%), with patients facing challenges in procuring, repairing, or replacing essential mobility equipment.
3
Mental health concerns were prevalent (30%), as patients reported feelings of isolation and a disruption in access to essential healthcare and life needs.

Research Summary

This study investigated the needs of uninsured, equity-deserving minority patients with physical disabilities during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic using telephone-based needs assessments. The top three reported needs were medical issues, equipment needs, and mental health concerns. Patients also expressed concerns about rent, employment, food, and medication costs. The findings underscore the importance of addressing social determinants of health and ensuring access to care for underserved populations, particularly during public health crises.

Practical Implications

Informed Healthcare Policy

The study can inform public health recommendations and healthcare policy considerations that promote accessible participation in rehabilitation.

Equipping Healthcare Systems

The knowledge gained can be used to better equip healthcare systems in the event of other regional or worldwide health crises.

Future Research

The manuscript can guide future studies and data collection to assess potential changes in needs and SDoH over time through the COVID-19 pandemic.

Study Limitations

1
Only a fraction of patients could be reached to complete the needs assessment (ranging from 36%–64% of patients contacted each month).
2
This analysis was not a formal research study where empirical evidence was obtained or causation can be inferred.
3
This needs assessment was conducted at one site, which limits the generalizability of our results.

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