Rehabilitation interventions to modify endocrine-metabolic disease risk in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury living in the community (RIISC): A systematic search and review of prospective cohort and case–control studies

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2023 · DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2020.1863898 · Published: January 1, 2023

Spinal Cord Injury Endocrinology Rehabilitation

Simple Explanation

Endocrine-metabolic diseases (EMD) can lead to health issues for people with spinal cord injuries (SCI). This review looks at studies to see if rehabilitation can help reduce the risk of EMD in these individuals. The study included longitudinal trials, prospective cohort, case–control studies, and case series evaluating the effectiveness of rehabilitation/therapeutic interventions to modify/ associate with EMD outcomes in adults with chronic SCI. The review found that certain exercises, especially those using electrical stimulation, might improve bone health. Also, combining exercise and diet could help with body composition and heart health.

Study Duration

Not specified

Participants

842 adults with chronic SCI

Evidence Level

Level 3-4 prospective cohort and case–control studies

Key Findings

1
Electrical stimulation-assisted training showed statistically significant effects on lower-extremity bone outcomes.
2
Combined exercise and dietary interventions improved body composition and cardiometabolic biomarkers.
3
Some studies reported no clinically important changes in EMD outcomes, suggesting lower quality evidence.

Research Summary

This review examined studies on how rehabilitation affects endocrine-metabolic disease (EMD) outcomes in people with chronic spinal cord injuries (SCI). The review found some evidence that exercises using electrical stimulation can improve bone health and that combining exercise with diet can improve body composition and heart health. The authors suggest future research should focus on longer-term studies with larger groups to better understand how rehabilitation can reduce EMD risk in this population.

Practical Implications

Rehabilitation Program Design

Rehabilitation programs for individuals with chronic SCI should consider incorporating NMES/FES training to improve lower-extremity bone health.

Combined Interventions

Combining exercise and dietary interventions may be beneficial for improving body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors in this population.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on conducting longitudinal, multi-center studies with longer follow-up periods to fully understand the impact of rehabilitation approaches on mitigating EMD risk in individuals with chronic SCI.

Rehabilitation interventions to modify endocrine-metabolic disease risk in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury living in the community (RIISC): A systematic search and review of prospective cohort and case–control studies

Simple Explanation

Key Findings

Research Summary

Practical Implications

Rehabilitation Program Design

Combined Interventions

Future Research Directions

Study Limitations

Your Feedback

Was this summary helpful?

Rehabilitation interventions to modify endocrine-metabolic disease risk in individuals with chronic spinal cord injury living in the community (RIISC): A systematic search and review of prospective cohort and case–control studies

Simple Explanation

Key Findings

Research Summary

Practical Implications

Rehabilitation Program Design

Combined Interventions

Future Research Directions

Study Limitations

Your Feedback

Was this summary helpful?