The patient with spinal cord injury in the out-of-hospital environment

Spinal cord injury (SCI) can lead to paralysis, sensory loss, and dysfunction of bladder, bowel, and sexual function, resulting in significant psychological, social, occupational, and economic consequences. Initial medical care focuses on preserving the patient's life and preventing complications, followed by rehabilitation to maximize independence and functional recovery, thereby improving quality of life. Primary care physicians play a crucial role in the long-term management of SCI patients by addressing chronic complications and understanding the altered symptoms of intercurrent illnesses due to the spinal cord injury.

• 1
  The incidence of spinal cord injury in Spain is estimated to be 12-20 cases per million inhabitants per year, with traumatic causes being the most prevalent.
• 2
  Common long-term complications of SCI include postural problems, contractures, pressure ulcers, autonomic dysreflexia, urological complications, gastrointestinal issues, and pain.
• 3
  Effective management of SCI requires a multidisciplinary approach, including specialized rehabilitation, primary care involvement, and patient education to address the complex medical and psychosocial needs of these individuals.