Advances in the clinical application of orthotic devices for stroke and spinal cord injury since 2013

Frontiers in Neurology, 2023 · DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1108320 · Published: February 17, 2023

Spinal Cord Injury Assistive Technology Neurorehabilitation

Simple Explanation

Stroke and spinal cord injury can lead to motor dysfunction, which can cause joint stiffness and muscle contracture, impacting daily living. Orthotic devices can help prevent or compensate for these dysfunctions. Early use of orthotic devices can prevent and correct deformities and treat muscle and joint problems. They can also improve motor function and compensatory abilities. This review examines the use of conventional and new orthotic devices for stroke and spinal cord injury, highlighting their effects on upper and lower limbs and suggesting directions for future research.

Study Duration

2013 to September 30, 2022

Participants

Not specified

Evidence Level

Review article

Key Findings

1
Conventional orthotic devices are widely used and can effectively improve motor function in stroke and spinal cord injury patients.
2
3D-printed orthoses offer advantages in customization and material properties, showing promise in improving motor function and reducing spasticity compared to traditional orthoses.
3
Early provision of ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) can significantly affect the recovery of lower limb motor function in stroke patients, although the optimal timing remains controversial.

Research Summary

This review summarizes the application of orthotic devices for stroke and spinal cord injury since 2013, covering conventional and new types of orthotics for both upper and lower limbs. The paper highlights the increasing use of 3D-printed orthoses, which offer benefits such as improved customization, lighter materials, and better adaptability for patients compared to conventional devices. The review concludes that future research should focus on improving conventional orthotic devices and developing new, more advanced devices to better assist patients in improving motor function and returning to daily life.

Practical Implications

Clinical Practice

Clinicians should consider early implementation of orthotic devices, especially AFOs, for stroke and SCI patients to improve motor function and prevent complications.

Technological Advancement

Further research and development of 3D-printed orthoses are warranted due to their potential for improved customization, comfort, and therapeutic outcomes.

Rehabilitation Strategies

Rehabilitation programs should integrate orthotic devices with appropriate therapeutic interventions to maximize motor function recovery and improve patients' quality of life.

Study Limitations

1
The review is limited to articles published in English.
2
The search strategy focused on specific databases (PubMed/MEDLINE) and may have missed relevant studies from other sources.
3
The review excludes studies involving electrical/electronic components, robotic devices, and spinal orthoses, limiting the scope of orthotic devices considered.

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