From apoptosis to pyroptosis A two-decade analysis of spinal cord injury systematic review

Spinal cord injury (SCI) significantly impairs patients’ quality of life, manifesting in movement disorders, neuropathic pain, urinary and defecation dysfunctions, and sexual dysfunction, among other complications. After spinal cord injury, it can be divided into 4 stages: physical trauma, primary injury, secondary injury, and glial scar formation. This analysis elucidated current research hotspots and future developmental directions, thereby offering significant reference value for the treatment of spinal cord injury.

• 1
  Publications in this field have grown rapidly in the past 2 decades and are expected to keep increasing.
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  Current hot topics include mesenchymal stem cells, apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis.
• 3
  Future research will focus on extracellular vesicle-mediated mesenchymal stem cells, autophagy, inflammasome-mediated cell pyroptosis, and glial scar formation.