Robotic exoskeletons: The current pros and cons

World J Orthop, 2018 · DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v9.i9.112 · Published: September 18, 2018

Spinal Cord Injury Assistive Technology Rehabilitation

Simple Explanation

Robotic exoskeletons are wearable robotic units controlled by computers to help restore movement. They are being studied and purchased for rehabilitation and home use. Exoskeletons offer independence in places like shopping malls and parks, which may improve physical activity. This could encourage continuous use alongside wheelchairs. Before using exoskeletons more widely, we need to carefully study the research and clinical evidence. Current studies have limited data and small sample sizes.

Study Duration

Not specified

Participants

52 participants in one study; nine European rehabilitation centers

Evidence Level

Mini-review

Key Findings

1
Exoskeleton training is generally safe and can be used in different settings to encourage walking.
2
Fitting time for exoskeletons can vary, with some brands requiring up to 1 hour for adjustments.
3
Exoskeletons have a modest speed that is slightly greater than 0.2 m/sec, which may impede their general use in the community

Research Summary

Robotic exoskeletons have emerged as a rehabilitation tool for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), offering potential benefits, but their high cost limits widespread use. Clinical trials are underway to address limitations and maximize benefits in rehabilitation settings. Future directions emphasize combining exoskeletons with technologies like functional electrical stimulation and brain-computer interfaces. Exoskeletons may improve physiological and psycho-somatic outcomes, necessitating discussions among individuals with SCI, policymakers, researchers, and specialists for future development and accessibility.

Practical Implications

Improved Physical Activity

Exoskeletons can decrease sitting time and increase standing and walking time, potentially improving health outcomes for individuals with SCI.

Community Ambulation

Exoskeletons can provide independence in community settings, allowing individuals with SCI to participate in activities previously limited by wheelchair use.

Personalized Rehabilitation

Adjusting exoskeletons to custom fit each participant, including those with leg length discrepancies or sensitive skin, is crucial for effective training sessions.

Study Limitations

1
High cost limits accessibility to exoskeletons in clinical settings.
2
Many SCI participants with limited hand functions or push-down performance may not be candidates for this technology
3
Current technology is limited in its ability to navigate special terrains, climb stairs, or move in water.

Your Feedback

Was this summary helpful?

Back to Spinal Cord Injury