The analysis of serum lipid levels in patients with spinal cord injury

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2017 · DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2016.1228286 · Published: September 1, 2017

Spinal Cord Injury Cardiovascular Science Endocrinology

Simple Explanation

This study investigates the serum lipid profiles of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) to understand the impact of factors like disease duration, lesion level, and functional activity on their lipid levels. The study found that a significant number of SCI patients have dyslipidemia, which is an abnormal level of lipids (fats) in the blood. This condition can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The researchers concluded that dyslipidemia is more prevalent in SCI patients with motor complete injuries, those who cannot walk independently, and those in the early stages (0-12 months) post-injury.

Study Duration

Not specified

Participants

269 participants with spinal cord injury

Evidence Level

Level 3; Retrospective study

Key Findings

1
Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides were higher than normal in 21.2%, 24.4%, and 31% of the patients, respectively.
2
HDL cholesterol was lower than 40 mg/dl in 79.5% of the patients, indicating a high prevalence of low HDL levels.
3
The TC/HDL-c ratio was significantly higher in patients with SCI with a disease duration of 0–12 months compared to those with a longer duration.

Research Summary

This retrospective study analyzed serum lipid profiles in 269 SCI patients, correlating them with disease duration, lesion level/grade, and ambulation status to assess dyslipidemia risk factors. The study found high rates of dyslipidemia, with elevated total cholesterol, LDL-c, and triglycerides, and significantly low HDL-c levels in a majority of the patients. The authors concluded that dyslipidemia risk is higher in motor complete SCI patients, those unable to ambulate, and individuals within the first year post-injury, emphasizing the need for lipid monitoring and management.

Practical Implications

Targeted Screening

Regularly screen lipid levels in acute-phase, motor-complete SCI patients who are non-ambulatory to detect and manage dyslipidemia early.

Lifestyle Interventions

Promote increased physical activity and nutritional regulation for SCI patients to improve lipid profiles and reduce CVD risk.

Medical Management

Provide appropriate medical treatment and continuous follow-up for dyslipidemia in SCI patients to mitigate cardiovascular risks.

Study Limitations

1
The retrospective design limits the ability to establish causality.
2
The study did not evaluate the relationship between activity/exercise level and serum lipid levels.
3
The study was conducted at a single center, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.

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