Virtual Reality as a Therapeutic Tool in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation: A Comprehensive Evaluation and Systematic Review

J. Clin. Med., 2024 · DOI: 10.3390/jcm13185429 · Published: September 13, 2024

Assistive Technology Neurorehabilitation Rehabilitation

Simple Explanation

Virtual reality (VR) technology, initially created for entertainment, has evolved into a therapeutic tool, particularly in spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation. VR-based interventions enhance traditional rehabilitation by engaging patients in personalized exercises that target motor skills, sensory abilities, and cognitive functions. The use of VR in SCI rehabilitation includes interventions for motor learning, gait balance, pain management, and psychological well-being, utilizing immersive and non-immersive setups.

Study Duration

2010-01-01 to 2024-02-01

Participants

652 patients

Evidence Level

Systematic Review

Key Findings

1
VR training shows promising outcomes in improving upper limb mobility and strength, especially in muscle strength, compared to traditional training.
2
VR interventions demonstrate positive effects on lower limb mobility, gait, postural stability, and balance, with a majority of tests showing better outcomes compared to traditional training.
3
VR training enhances quality of life, daily life independence, and psychological well-being, with game-like systems contributing positively to patients' spirits.

Research Summary

This systematic review holistically analyzes the outcomes of VR rehabilitation, encompassing upper and lower limb mobility, quality of life, psychological well-being, and the feasibility of VR systems. VR technology in spinal rehabilitation offers a more holistic and engaging approach compared to traditional methods, improving rehabilitation outcomes and functional independence among patients. The review highlights the potential of VR in enhancing the psychological well-being of SCI patients, mainly due to the higher level of enjoyment compared to traditional training.

Practical Implications

Enhanced Rehabilitation Outcomes

VR interventions can be integrated into SCI rehabilitation programs to improve motor and cognitive functions.

Personalized Therapy Design

Tailored VR programs can address specific patient needs and treatment goals.

Improved Patient Engagement

VR's interactive and game-like nature can enhance patient motivation and adherence to therapy.

Study Limitations

1
Variations in VR systems and rehabilitation protocols across studies hinder treatment standardization.
2
Inconsistencies in session duration and training frequency make it challenging to determine optimal therapy parameters.
3
Cost implications and the need for specialized training among healthcare providers act as barriers to widespread implementation.

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