Immunology Research

KEY FINDING: IL-13 induced the expression of anti-inflammatory markers in microglia and macrophages after SCI but, in contrast to IL-4, it failed to mediate functional recovery.

KEY FINDING: Proinflammatory cytokines TNFɑ, IL-1β, and IL-6 are key players early in the injury timeline, with significant upregulation within hours after SCI.

KEY FINDING: The cGAS/STING pathway is upregulated in the sciatic nerve after PNI and is dysregulated in aged rats, suggesting a role in the inflammatory response to nerve injury.

KEY FINDING: Early inflammatory responses after SCI can be beneficial for clearing debris and elevating neurotrophic factors. However, sustained inflammation leads to the release of inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species, causing further damage.

KEY FINDING: Tendons from allergic mice exhibited a significant reduction in both elastic modulus and tensile stress.

KEY FINDING: AML-EVs showed a significant dose-dependent inhibition of T cell proliferation, unlike AML cells or their soluble factors.

KEY FINDING: Immune infiltration in the prefrontal cortex of AD patients differs from healthy samples, highlighting alterations in the brain's immune environment during AD.

KEY FINDING: Perforin-deficient mice showed better motor recovery after femoral nerve injury compared to wild-type mice, particularly at 4 and 8 weeks post-injury.

KEY FINDING: MaR1 demonstrated a more robust ability to promote sensory and motor function recovery in mice after sciatic nerve crush injury than NGF.

KEY FINDING: MSCs can regulate macrophage polarization, shifting the balance from pro-inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes, which promotes axonal regeneration and reduces glial scar formation.